The Journal of Neuroscience, the prestigious scientific periodical of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, has published the results of a research on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis carried out by the Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche “Mario Negri”of Milan and funded by AriSLA, Italian Research Fondation. Moving from observations made previously, the study highlights an anomaly of the enzyme known as PPIA in ALS patients and demonstrates that the inhibition of the enzyme by a by-product of cyclosporine produces beneficial effects in an animal model of ALS. In particular, the motoneurons – the cells mainly affected by the disease – are protected as a result of the modulation of the abnormal inflammatory response that is typical of ALS.